[
 {
  "id": "ia-complete-harvesting-combine-grain-cart-haul-to-farm-storage-corn-acre",
  "state": "IA",
  "operation": "Complete harvesting (combine, grain cart, haul to farm storage) - Corn",
  "unit": "acre",
  "avg": 82.0,
  "n": 67,
  "low": 40.0,
  "high": 175.0,
  "source_pdf": "https://www.extension.iastate.edu/agdm/crops/pdf/a3-10.pdf",
  "pdf_page": 3,
  "flags": [
   {
    "type": "check",
    "why": "Range runs up to $175/acre (excluding the single highest). Wide spread; median ($70–75) is lower than the average."
   },
   {
    "type": "outlier",
    "why": "+71% vs. the cross-state median ($47.95) for “Corn harvest package (combine + grain cart)”."
   }
  ]
 },
 {
  "id": "ia-complete-harvesting-combine-grain-cart-haul-to-farm-storage-soybean-acre",
  "state": "IA",
  "operation": "Complete harvesting (combine, grain cart, haul to farm storage) - Soybean",
  "unit": "acre",
  "avg": 77.4,
  "n": 68,
  "low": 32.0,
  "high": 175.0,
  "source_pdf": "https://www.extension.iastate.edu/agdm/crops/pdf/a3-10.pdf",
  "pdf_page": 3,
  "flags": [
   {
    "type": "check",
    "why": "Range runs up to $175/acre (excluding the single highest). Wide spread; median ($70–75) is lower than the average."
   },
   {
    "type": "outlier",
    "why": "+67% vs. the cross-state median ($46.22) for “Soybean harvest package (combine + grain cart)”."
   }
  ]
 },
 {
  "id": "ia-hauling-grain-to-market-truck-100-miles-1-way-trip-bushel",
  "state": "IA",
  "operation": "Hauling grain - to market, truck, (100 miles, 1-way trip)",
  "unit": "bushel",
  "avg": 0.405,
  "n": 46,
  "low": 0.18,
  "high": 0.65,
  "source_pdf": "https://www.extension.iastate.edu/agdm/crops/pdf/a3-10.pdf",
  "pdf_page": 3,
  "flags": [
   {
    "type": "outlier",
    "why": "+108% vs. the cross-state median ($0.20) for “Hauling grain to market”."
   }
  ]
 },
 {
  "id": "ia-hay-baling-small-square-bales-bale",
  "state": "IA",
  "operation": "Hay baling - small square bales",
  "unit": "bale",
  "avg": 1.0,
  "n": 16,
  "low": 0.5,
  "high": 1.5,
  "source_pdf": "https://www.extension.iastate.edu/agdm/crops/pdf/a3-10.pdf",
  "pdf_page": 4,
  "flags": [
   {
    "type": "outlier",
    "why": "-47% vs. the cross-state median ($1.88) for “Baling small square bales”."
   }
  ]
 },
 {
  "id": "ia-custom-farming-all-operations-corn-acre",
  "state": "IA",
  "operation": "Custom farming, all operations - Corn",
  "unit": "acre",
  "avg": 177.85,
  "n": 64,
  "low": 74.5,
  "high": 375.0,
  "source_pdf": "https://www.extension.iastate.edu/agdm/crops/pdf/a3-10.pdf",
  "pdf_page": 5,
  "flags": [
   {
    "type": "check",
    "why": "Very wide range ($65–$375/acre). Survey does not specify yield or field conditions."
   }
  ]
 },
 {
  "id": "ia-custom-farming-all-operations-soybean-acre",
  "state": "IA",
  "operation": "Custom farming, all operations - Soybean",
  "unit": "acre",
  "avg": 161.7,
  "n": 63,
  "low": 65.0,
  "high": 353.0,
  "source_pdf": "https://www.extension.iastate.edu/agdm/crops/pdf/a3-10.pdf",
  "pdf_page": 5,
  "flags": [
   {
    "type": "check",
    "why": "Very wide range ($65–$375/acre). Survey does not specify yield or field conditions."
   }
  ]
 },
 {
  "id": "ia-custom-farming-all-operations-small-grain-acre",
  "state": "IA",
  "operation": "Custom farming, all operations - Small grain",
  "unit": "acre",
  "avg": 186.15,
  "n": 13,
  "low": 70.0,
  "high": 290.0,
  "source_pdf": "https://www.extension.iastate.edu/agdm/crops/pdf/a3-10.pdf",
  "pdf_page": 5,
  "flags": [
   {
    "type": "check",
    "why": "Very wide range ($65–$375/acre). Survey does not specify yield or field conditions."
   }
  ]
 },
 {
  "id": "oh-weed-electrocution-acre",
  "state": "OH",
  "operation": "Weed Electrocution",
  "unit": "acre",
  "avg": 44.1,
  "n": 20,
  "low": 30.0,
  "high": 60.0,
  "source_pdf": "https://farmoffice.osu.edu/sites/aglaw/files/site-library/farmmgtpdf/Ohio%20Farm%20Custom%20Rate%20Summary%202026%20August%204.pdf",
  "pdf_page": 4,
  "flags": [
   {
    "type": "check",
    "why": "Newer service; $44.10/acre is high relative to other weed control. Reported with 20 responses."
   }
  ]
 },
 {
  "id": "oh-flame-weeding-no-materials-acre",
  "state": "OH",
  "operation": "Flame Weeding - no materials",
  "unit": "acre",
  "avg": 30.5,
  "n": 4,
  "low": 20.0,
  "high": 46.0,
  "source_pdf": "https://farmoffice.osu.edu/sites/aglaw/files/site-library/farmmgtpdf/Ohio%20Farm%20Custom%20Rate%20Summary%202026%20August%204.pdf",
  "pdf_page": 4,
  "flags": [
   {
    "type": "low-n",
    "why": "Only 4 responses."
   }
  ]
 },
 {
  "id": "oh-harvest-corn-combine-grain-cart-haul-local-to-farm-acre",
  "state": "OH",
  "operation": "Harvest corn - Combine, Grain Cart, Haul Local to Farm",
  "unit": "acre",
  "avg": 45.41,
  "n": 76,
  "low": 25.0,
  "high": 75.0,
  "source_pdf": "https://farmoffice.osu.edu/sites/aglaw/files/site-library/farmmgtpdf/Ohio%20Farm%20Custom%20Rate%20Summary%202026%20August%204.pdf",
  "pdf_page": 5,
  "flags": [
   {
    "type": "check",
    "why": "Only ~$8/acre above Ohio “combine only” corn ($37.35), while Iowa’s complete corn harvest averages $82. Possible respondent confusion about what is included."
   }
  ]
 },
 {
  "id": "oh-ear-corn-picker-acre",
  "state": "OH",
  "operation": "Ear Corn Picker",
  "unit": "acre",
  "avg": 30.0,
  "n": 4,
  "low": 15.0,
  "high": 50.0,
  "source_pdf": "https://farmoffice.osu.edu/sites/aglaw/files/site-library/farmmgtpdf/Ohio%20Farm%20Custom%20Rate%20Summary%202026%20August%204.pdf",
  "pdf_page": 5,
  "flags": [
   {
    "type": "low-n",
    "why": "Only 4 responses."
   }
  ]
 },
 {
  "id": "oh-on-farm-storage-charge-bushel-per-month",
  "state": "OH",
  "operation": "On Farm Storage Charge",
  "unit": "bushel per month",
  "avg": 0.05,
  "n": 30,
  "low": 0.01,
  "high": 0.12,
  "source_pdf": "https://farmoffice.osu.edu/sites/aglaw/files/site-library/farmmgtpdf/Ohio%20Farm%20Custom%20Rate%20Summary%202026%20August%204.pdf",
  "pdf_page": 5,
  "flags": [
   {
    "type": "outlier",
    "why": "+67% vs. the cross-state median ($0.03) for “On-farm grain storage (per bushel per month)”."
   }
  ]
 },
 {
  "id": "oh-grain-hauling-farm-to-market-bushel",
  "state": "OH",
  "operation": "Grain hauling - Farm to Market",
  "unit": "bushel",
  "avg": 0.19,
  "n": 69,
  "low": 0.01,
  "high": 0.52,
  "source_pdf": "https://farmoffice.osu.edu/sites/aglaw/files/site-library/farmmgtpdf/Ohio%20Farm%20Custom%20Rate%20Summary%202026%20August%204.pdf",
  "pdf_page": 5,
  "flags": [
   {
    "type": "check",
    "why": "Minimum reported is $0.01/bu, which pulls the range down. Average is used, not the minimum."
   }
  ]
 },
 {
  "id": "oh-grain-hauling-field-to-farm-bushel",
  "state": "OH",
  "operation": "Grain hauling - Field to Farm",
  "unit": "bushel",
  "avg": 0.1,
  "n": 35,
  "low": 0.01,
  "high": 0.22,
  "source_pdf": "https://farmoffice.osu.edu/sites/aglaw/files/site-library/farmmgtpdf/Ohio%20Farm%20Custom%20Rate%20Summary%202026%20August%204.pdf",
  "pdf_page": 5,
  "flags": [
   {
    "type": "check",
    "why": "Minimum reported is $0.01/bu, which pulls the range down. Average is used, not the minimum."
   }
  ]
 },
 {
  "id": "oh-silage-haylage-silage-trucking-hour-truck",
  "state": "OH",
  "operation": "Silage/haylage - Silage Trucking",
  "unit": "hour / truck",
  "avg": 146.25,
  "n": 4,
  "low": 110.0,
  "high": 175.0,
  "source_pdf": "https://farmoffice.osu.edu/sites/aglaw/files/site-library/farmmgtpdf/Ohio%20Farm%20Custom%20Rate%20Summary%202026%20August%204.pdf",
  "pdf_page": 6,
  "flags": [
   {
    "type": "low-n",
    "why": "Only 4 responses."
   }
  ]
 },
 {
  "id": "oh-small-square-bales-baled-and-dropped-on-ground-bale",
  "state": "OH",
  "operation": "Small square bales - Baled and Dropped on Ground",
  "unit": "bale",
  "avg": 1.12,
  "n": 13,
  "low": 0.52,
  "high": 2.0,
  "source_pdf": "https://farmoffice.osu.edu/sites/aglaw/files/site-library/farmmgtpdf/Ohio%20Farm%20Custom%20Rate%20Summary%202026%20August%204.pdf",
  "pdf_page": 6,
  "flags": [
   {
    "type": "outlier",
    "why": "-40% vs. the cross-state median ($1.88) for “Baling small square bales”."
   }
  ]
 },
 {
  "id": "oh-large-round-bales-baled-and-wrapped-in-plastic-plastic-included-bale",
  "state": "OH",
  "operation": "Large round bales - Baled and Wrapped in Plastic - Plastic Included",
  "unit": "bale",
  "avg": 12.43,
  "n": 21,
  "low": 8.0,
  "high": 20.0,
  "source_pdf": "https://farmoffice.osu.edu/sites/aglaw/files/site-library/farmmgtpdf/Ohio%20Farm%20Custom%20Rate%20Summary%202026%20August%204.pdf",
  "pdf_page": 6,
  "flags": [
   {
    "type": "check",
    "why": "Ohio publishes two rows with this same label ($12.43, n=21 and $20.13, n=8) in the large round bale table. The second appears under “Baled, Net Wrapped and Hauled from Field”. Both kept as published."
   }
  ]
 },
 {
  "id": "oh-large-round-bales-baled-and-wrapped-in-plastic-plastic-included-bale-2",
  "state": "OH",
  "operation": "Large round bales - Baled and Wrapped in Plastic - Plastic Included",
  "unit": "bale",
  "avg": 20.13,
  "n": 8,
  "low": 8.0,
  "high": 25.0,
  "source_pdf": "https://farmoffice.osu.edu/sites/aglaw/files/site-library/farmmgtpdf/Ohio%20Farm%20Custom%20Rate%20Summary%202026%20August%204.pdf",
  "pdf_page": 6,
  "flags": [
   {
    "type": "check",
    "why": "Ohio publishes two rows with this same label ($12.43, n=21 and $20.13, n=8) in the large round bale table. The second appears under “Baled, Net Wrapped and Hauled from Field”. Both kept as published."
   }
  ]
 },
 {
  "id": "oh-large-square-bales-move-stack-or-large-bale-bale-or-stack",
  "state": "OH",
  "operation": "Large square bales - Move Stack or Large Bale",
  "unit": "bale or stack",
  "avg": 2.63,
  "n": 4,
  "low": 1.0,
  "high": 6.0,
  "source_pdf": "https://farmoffice.osu.edu/sites/aglaw/files/site-library/farmmgtpdf/Ohio%20Farm%20Custom%20Rate%20Summary%202026%20August%204.pdf",
  "pdf_page": 7,
  "flags": [
   {
    "type": "low-n",
    "why": "Only 4 responses."
   }
  ]
 },
 {
  "id": "oh-liquid-manure-fracture-tank-day",
  "state": "OH",
  "operation": "Liquid manure - Fracture Tank",
  "unit": "day",
  "avg": 500.0,
  "n": 4,
  "low": 500.0,
  "high": 500.0,
  "source_pdf": "https://farmoffice.osu.edu/sites/aglaw/files/site-library/farmmgtpdf/Ohio%20Farm%20Custom%20Rate%20Summary%202026%20August%204.pdf",
  "pdf_page": 7,
  "flags": [
   {
    "type": "low-n",
    "why": "Only 4 responses."
   }
  ]
 },
 {
  "id": "oh-solid-manure-hauling-spreading-manure-within-2-miles-ton",
  "state": "OH",
  "operation": "Solid manure - Hauling & Spreading Manure within 2 Miles",
  "unit": "ton",
  "avg": 11.75,
  "n": 4,
  "low": 10.0,
  "high": 15.0,
  "source_pdf": "https://farmoffice.osu.edu/sites/aglaw/files/site-library/farmmgtpdf/Ohio%20Farm%20Custom%20Rate%20Summary%202026%20August%204.pdf",
  "pdf_page": 7,
  "flags": [
   {
    "type": "low-n",
    "why": "Only 4 responses."
   }
  ]
 },
 {
  "id": "oh-farm-labor-milking-cows-hour",
  "state": "OH",
  "operation": "Farm labor - Milking Cows",
  "unit": "hour",
  "avg": 19.75,
  "n": 4,
  "low": 15.0,
  "high": 30.0,
  "source_pdf": "https://farmoffice.osu.edu/sites/aglaw/files/site-library/farmmgtpdf/Ohio%20Farm%20Custom%20Rate%20Summary%202026%20August%204.pdf",
  "pdf_page": 8,
  "flags": [
   {
    "type": "low-n",
    "why": "Only 4 responses."
   }
  ]
 },
 {
  "id": "oh-drainage-tile-cutting-waterways-feet",
  "state": "OH",
  "operation": "Drainage/tile - Cutting Waterways",
  "unit": "feet",
  "avg": 7.25,
  "n": 4,
  "low": 2.5,
  "high": 10.0,
  "source_pdf": "https://farmoffice.osu.edu/sites/aglaw/files/site-library/farmmgtpdf/Ohio%20Farm%20Custom%20Rate%20Summary%202026%20August%204.pdf",
  "pdf_page": 9,
  "flags": [
   {
    "type": "low-n",
    "why": "Only 4 responses."
   }
  ]
 },
 {
  "id": "oh-hauling-livestock-mile",
  "state": "OH",
  "operation": "Hauling Livestock",
  "unit": "mile",
  "avg": 3.19,
  "n": 4,
  "low": 2.25,
  "high": 5.0,
  "source_pdf": "https://farmoffice.osu.edu/sites/aglaw/files/site-library/farmmgtpdf/Ohio%20Farm%20Custom%20Rate%20Summary%202026%20August%204.pdf",
  "pdf_page": 9,
  "flags": [
   {
    "type": "low-n",
    "why": "Only 4 responses."
   }
  ]
 },
 {
  "id": "ne-moldboard-plowing-acre",
  "state": "NE",
  "operation": "Moldboard plowing",
  "unit": "acre",
  "avg": 43.25,
  "n": 4,
  "low": 28.0,
  "high": 60.0,
  "source_pdf": "https://cap.unl.edu/sites/unl.edu.ianr.agecon.center-for-ag-profitability/files/media/file/2026-nebraska-custom-rates-report_ada.pdf",
  "pdf_page": 7,
  "flags": [
   {
    "type": "low-n",
    "why": "Only 4 responses."
   },
   {
    "type": "outlier",
    "why": "+61% vs. the cross-state median ($26.93) for “Moldboard plowing”."
   }
  ]
 },
 {
  "id": "ne-combination-tillage-operations-primary-tillage-acre",
  "state": "NE",
  "operation": "Combination tillage operations, primary tillage",
  "unit": "acre",
  "avg": 23.5,
  "n": 4,
  "low": 18.0,
  "high": 30.0,
  "source_pdf": "https://cap.unl.edu/sites/unl.edu.ianr.agecon.center-for-ag-profitability/files/media/file/2026-nebraska-custom-rates-report_ada.pdf",
  "pdf_page": 8,
  "flags": [
   {
    "type": "low-n",
    "why": "Only 4 responses."
   }
  ]
 },
 {
  "id": "ne-planting-dry-edible-beans-acre",
  "state": "NE",
  "operation": "Planting dry edible beans",
  "unit": "acre",
  "avg": 30.5,
  "n": 4,
  "low": 25.0,
  "high": 35.0,
  "source_pdf": "https://cap.unl.edu/sites/unl.edu.ianr.agecon.center-for-ag-profitability/files/media/file/2026-nebraska-custom-rates-report_ada.pdf",
  "pdf_page": 9,
  "flags": [
   {
    "type": "low-n",
    "why": "Only 4 responses."
   }
  ]
 },
 {
  "id": "ne-planting-sugar-beets-acre",
  "state": "NE",
  "operation": "Planting sugar beets",
  "unit": "acre",
  "avg": 29.0,
  "n": 3,
  "low": 25.0,
  "high": 35.0,
  "source_pdf": "https://cap.unl.edu/sites/unl.edu.ianr.agecon.center-for-ag-profitability/files/media/file/2026-nebraska-custom-rates-report_ada.pdf",
  "pdf_page": 9,
  "flags": [
   {
    "type": "low-n",
    "why": "Only 3 responses."
   }
  ]
 },
 {
  "id": "ne-seeding-grass-seed-with-depth-bands-acre",
  "state": "NE",
  "operation": "Seeding grass seed with depth bands",
  "unit": "acre",
  "avg": 33.0,
  "n": 4,
  "low": 24.0,
  "high": 40.0,
  "source_pdf": "https://cap.unl.edu/sites/unl.edu.ianr.agecon.center-for-ag-profitability/files/media/file/2026-nebraska-custom-rates-report_ada.pdf",
  "pdf_page": 9,
  "flags": [
   {
    "type": "low-n",
    "why": "Only 4 responses."
   }
  ]
 },
 {
  "id": "ne-seeding-legumes-acre",
  "state": "NE",
  "operation": "Seeding legumes",
  "unit": "acre",
  "avg": 31.25,
  "n": 4,
  "low": 20.0,
  "high": 40.0,
  "source_pdf": "https://cap.unl.edu/sites/unl.edu.ianr.agecon.center-for-ag-profitability/files/media/file/2026-nebraska-custom-rates-report_ada.pdf",
  "pdf_page": 10,
  "flags": [
   {
    "type": "low-n",
    "why": "Only 4 responses."
   }
  ]
 },
 {
  "id": "ne-seeding-legumes-seed-with-depth-bands-acre",
  "state": "NE",
  "operation": "Seeding legumes seed with depth bands",
  "unit": "acre",
  "avg": 31.67,
  "n": 3,
  "low": 25.0,
  "high": 35.0,
  "source_pdf": "https://cap.unl.edu/sites/unl.edu.ianr.agecon.center-for-ag-profitability/files/media/file/2026-nebraska-custom-rates-report_ada.pdf",
  "pdf_page": 10,
  "flags": [
   {
    "type": "low-n",
    "why": "Only 3 responses."
   }
  ]
 },
 {
  "id": "ne-planting-cover-crops-broadcast-seeding-acre",
  "state": "NE",
  "operation": "Planting cover crops - broadcast seeding",
  "unit": "acre",
  "avg": 13.0,
  "n": 4,
  "low": 10.0,
  "high": 15.0,
  "source_pdf": "https://cap.unl.edu/sites/unl.edu.ianr.agecon.center-for-ag-profitability/files/media/file/2026-nebraska-custom-rates-report_ada.pdf",
  "pdf_page": 10,
  "flags": [
   {
    "type": "low-n",
    "why": "Only 4 responses."
   }
  ]
 },
 {
  "id": "ne-cultivation-tillage-rotary-hoe-acre",
  "state": "NE",
  "operation": "Cultivation tillage, rotary hoe",
  "unit": "acre",
  "avg": 26.0,
  "n": 4,
  "low": 8.0,
  "high": 50.0,
  "source_pdf": "https://cap.unl.edu/sites/unl.edu.ianr.agecon.center-for-ag-profitability/files/media/file/2026-nebraska-custom-rates-report_ada.pdf",
  "pdf_page": 11,
  "flags": [
   {
    "type": "low-n",
    "why": "Only 4 responses."
   },
   {
    "type": "outlier",
    "why": "+102% vs. the cross-state median ($12.85) for “Rotary hoeing”."
   }
  ]
 },
 {
  "id": "ne-mowing-and-raking-hay-where-one-rate-is-quoted-or-contracted-acre",
  "state": "NE",
  "operation": "Mowing AND raking HAY (Where one rate is quoted or contracted.)",
  "unit": "acre",
  "avg": 28.0,
  "n": 4,
  "low": 20.0,
  "high": 37.0,
  "source_pdf": "https://cap.unl.edu/sites/unl.edu.ianr.agecon.center-for-ag-profitability/files/media/file/2026-nebraska-custom-rates-report_ada.pdf",
  "pdf_page": 12,
  "flags": [
   {
    "type": "low-n",
    "why": "Only 4 responses."
   }
  ]
 },
 {
  "id": "ne-baling-small-square-bales-with-wire-tie-average-lbs-bale-66-bale",
  "state": "NE",
  "operation": "Baling small square bales with wire tie, (average lbs/bale = 66#)",
  "unit": "bale",
  "avg": 2.5,
  "n": 3,
  "low": 1.5,
  "high": 3.0,
  "source_pdf": "https://cap.unl.edu/sites/unl.edu.ianr.agecon.center-for-ag-profitability/files/media/file/2026-nebraska-custom-rates-report_ada.pdf",
  "pdf_page": 12,
  "flags": [
   {
    "type": "low-n",
    "why": "Only 3 responses."
   }
  ]
 },
 {
  "id": "ne-baling-large-square-bales-average-lbs-bale-900-bale",
  "state": "NE",
  "operation": "Baling large square bales, (average lbs/bale = 900#)",
  "unit": "bale",
  "avg": 16.25,
  "n": 4,
  "low": 15.0,
  "high": 18.0,
  "source_pdf": "https://cap.unl.edu/sites/unl.edu.ianr.agecon.center-for-ag-profitability/files/media/file/2026-nebraska-custom-rates-report_ada.pdf",
  "pdf_page": 13,
  "flags": [
   {
    "type": "low-n",
    "why": "Only 4 responses."
   }
  ]
 },
 {
  "id": "ne-loading-and-stacking-small-square-bales-in-field-bale",
  "state": "NE",
  "operation": "Loading and stacking small square bales in field",
  "unit": "bale",
  "avg": 2.5,
  "n": 4,
  "low": 1.0,
  "high": 5.0,
  "source_pdf": "https://cap.unl.edu/sites/unl.edu.ianr.agecon.center-for-ag-profitability/files/media/file/2026-nebraska-custom-rates-report_ada.pdf",
  "pdf_page": 13,
  "flags": [
   {
    "type": "low-n",
    "why": "Only 4 responses."
   }
  ]
 },
 {
  "id": "ne-windrowing-grain-crops-acre",
  "state": "NE",
  "operation": "Windrowing grain crops",
  "unit": "acre",
  "avg": 16.12,
  "n": 4,
  "low": 14.0,
  "high": 20.0,
  "source_pdf": "https://cap.unl.edu/sites/unl.edu.ianr.agecon.center-for-ag-profitability/files/media/file/2026-nebraska-custom-rates-report_ada.pdf",
  "pdf_page": 13,
  "flags": [
   {
    "type": "low-n",
    "why": "Only 4 responses."
   }
  ]
 },
 {
  "id": "ne-anhydrous-ammonia-conventional-knife-acre",
  "state": "NE",
  "operation": "Anhydrous ammonia, conventional knife, (including power, labor, & applicator)",
  "unit": "acre",
  "avg": 24.33,
  "n": 3,
  "low": 18.0,
  "high": 35.0,
  "source_pdf": "https://cap.unl.edu/sites/unl.edu.ianr.agecon.center-for-ag-profitability/files/media/file/2026-nebraska-custom-rates-report_ada.pdf",
  "pdf_page": 15,
  "flags": [
   {
    "type": "check",
    "why": "Only 3 responses; $24.33 vs Iowa $15.55 and Kansas $21.51."
   },
   {
    "type": "low-n",
    "why": "Only 3 responses."
   }
  ]
 },
 {
  "id": "ne-injection-pump-for-chemicals-center-pivot-irrigation-power-labor-applicator-acre",
  "state": "NE",
  "operation": "Injection pump for chemicals - center pivot irrigation, (power, labor, & applicator)",
  "unit": "acre",
  "avg": 5.33,
  "n": 3,
  "low": 4.0,
  "high": 7.0,
  "source_pdf": "https://cap.unl.edu/sites/unl.edu.ianr.agecon.center-for-ag-profitability/files/media/file/2026-nebraska-custom-rates-report_ada.pdf",
  "pdf_page": 15,
  "flags": [
   {
    "type": "low-n",
    "why": "Only 3 responses."
   }
  ]
 },
 {
  "id": "ne-irrigated-soybeans-average-times-over-the-field-6-7-acre",
  "state": "NE",
  "operation": "Irrigated soybeans (average times over the field = 6.7)",
  "unit": "acre",
  "avg": 130.0,
  "n": 4,
  "low": 105.0,
  "high": 155.0,
  "source_pdf": "https://cap.unl.edu/sites/unl.edu.ianr.agecon.center-for-ag-profitability/files/media/file/2026-nebraska-custom-rates-report_ada.pdf",
  "pdf_page": 16,
  "flags": [
   {
    "type": "low-n",
    "why": "Only 4 responses."
   }
  ]
 },
 {
  "id": "ne-dryland-corn-average-times-over-the-field-4-3-acre",
  "state": "NE",
  "operation": "Dryland corn (average times over the field = 4.3)",
  "unit": "acre",
  "avg": 154.29,
  "n": 7,
  "low": 100.0,
  "high": 250.0,
  "source_pdf": "https://cap.unl.edu/sites/unl.edu.ianr.agecon.center-for-ag-profitability/files/media/file/2026-nebraska-custom-rates-report_ada.pdf",
  "pdf_page": 16,
  "flags": [
   {
    "type": "check",
    "why": "Same statistics as the NE per-hour CRP mowing row ($154.29, mode 100, 100–250, n=7). Possible copy error in the source report."
   }
  ]
 },
 {
  "id": "ne-combining-irrigated-corn-additional-charge-to-run-a-tractor-and-grain-cart-in-th-bushel",
  "state": "NE",
  "operation": "Combining irrigated corn: additional charge to run a tractor and grain cart in the field",
  "unit": "bushel",
  "avg": 0.06,
  "n": 4,
  "low": 0.03,
  "high": 0.08,
  "source_pdf": "https://cap.unl.edu/sites/unl.edu.ianr.agecon.center-for-ag-profitability/files/media/file/2026-nebraska-custom-rates-report_ada.pdf",
  "pdf_page": 17,
  "flags": [
   {
    "type": "low-n",
    "why": "Only 4 responses."
   }
  ]
 },
 {
  "id": "ne-combining-dryland-corn-bushel",
  "state": "NE",
  "operation": "Combining dryland corn",
  "unit": "bushel",
  "avg": 0.35,
  "n": 3,
  "low": 0.27,
  "high": 0.45,
  "source_pdf": "https://cap.unl.edu/sites/unl.edu.ianr.agecon.center-for-ag-profitability/files/media/file/2026-nebraska-custom-rates-report_ada.pdf",
  "pdf_page": 17,
  "flags": [
   {
    "type": "low-n",
    "why": "Only 3 responses."
   }
  ]
 },
 {
  "id": "ne-combining-dryland-corn-base-acre-plus-yield-charge-additional-charge-per-bushel-bushel",
  "state": "NE",
  "operation": "Combining dryland corn, base acre plus yield charge, additional charge per bushel above trigger yield (120 bu/acre)",
  "unit": "bushel",
  "avg": 0.23,
  "n": null,
  "low": null,
  "high": null,
  "source_pdf": "https://cap.unl.edu/sites/unl.edu.ianr.agecon.center-for-ag-profitability/files/media/file/2026-nebraska-custom-rates-report_ada.pdf",
  "pdf_page": 18,
  "flags": [
   {
    "type": "no-n",
    "why": "Number of responses not published for this item."
   }
  ]
 },
 {
  "id": "ne-combining-dryland-corn-additional-charge-to-run-a-tractor-and-grain-cart-in-the-acre",
  "state": "NE",
  "operation": "Combining dryland corn: additional charge to run a tractor and grain cart in the field",
  "unit": "acre",
  "avg": 12.42,
  "n": 12,
  "low": 3.0,
  "high": 50.0,
  "source_pdf": "https://cap.unl.edu/sites/unl.edu.ianr.agecon.center-for-ag-profitability/files/media/file/2026-nebraska-custom-rates-report_ada.pdf",
  "pdf_page": 18,
  "flags": [
   {
    "type": "outlier",
    "why": "+59% vs. the cross-state median ($7.83) for “Grain cart (per acre)”."
   }
  ]
 },
 {
  "id": "ne-combining-soybeans-acre",
  "state": "NE",
  "operation": "Combining soybeans",
  "unit": "acre",
  "avg": 50.87,
  "n": 38,
  "low": 28.0,
  "high": 85.0,
  "source_pdf": "https://cap.unl.edu/sites/unl.edu.ianr.agecon.center-for-ag-profitability/files/media/file/2026-nebraska-custom-rates-report_ada.pdf",
  "pdf_page": 19,
  "flags": [
   {
    "type": "check",
    "why": "Average $50.87/acre but most common rate is $40. A few high responses pull the average up."
   }
  ]
 },
 {
  "id": "ne-combining-soybeans-additional-charge-to-run-a-tractor-and-grain-cart-in-the-fiel-bushel",
  "state": "NE",
  "operation": "Combining soybeans: additional charge to run a tractor and grain cart in the field",
  "unit": "bushel",
  "avg": 0.1,
  "n": 3,
  "low": null,
  "high": null,
  "source_pdf": "https://cap.unl.edu/sites/unl.edu.ianr.agecon.center-for-ag-profitability/files/media/file/2026-nebraska-custom-rates-report_ada.pdf",
  "pdf_page": 19,
  "flags": [
   {
    "type": "low-n",
    "why": "Only 3 responses."
   }
  ]
 },
 {
  "id": "ne-combining-grain-sorghum-acre",
  "state": "NE",
  "operation": "Combining grain sorghum",
  "unit": "acre",
  "avg": 49.75,
  "n": 4,
  "low": 42.0,
  "high": 60.0,
  "source_pdf": "https://cap.unl.edu/sites/unl.edu.ianr.agecon.center-for-ag-profitability/files/media/file/2026-nebraska-custom-rates-report_ada.pdf",
  "pdf_page": 19,
  "flags": [
   {
    "type": "low-n",
    "why": "Only 4 responses."
   }
  ]
 },
 {
  "id": "ne-combining-sunflowers-acre",
  "state": "NE",
  "operation": "Combining sunflowers",
  "unit": "acre",
  "avg": 66.67,
  "n": 3,
  "low": 45.0,
  "high": 100.0,
  "source_pdf": "https://cap.unl.edu/sites/unl.edu.ianr.agecon.center-for-ag-profitability/files/media/file/2026-nebraska-custom-rates-report_ada.pdf",
  "pdf_page": 20,
  "flags": [
   {
    "type": "low-n",
    "why": "Only 3 responses."
   }
  ]
 },
 {
  "id": "ne-combining-dry-edible-beans-with-pickup-header-acre",
  "state": "NE",
  "operation": "Combining dry edible beans with pickup header",
  "unit": "acre",
  "avg": 88.33,
  "n": 3,
  "low": 65.0,
  "high": 105.0,
  "source_pdf": "https://cap.unl.edu/sites/unl.edu.ianr.agecon.center-for-ag-profitability/files/media/file/2026-nebraska-custom-rates-report_ada.pdf",
  "pdf_page": 20,
  "flags": [
   {
    "type": "low-n",
    "why": "Only 3 responses."
   }
  ]
 },
 {
  "id": "ne-hauling-grain-from-combine-with-tractor-and-grain-cart-bushel",
  "state": "NE",
  "operation": "Hauling grain from combine with tractor and grain cart",
  "unit": "bushel",
  "avg": 0.08,
  "n": 3,
  "low": 0.05,
  "high": 0.15,
  "source_pdf": "https://cap.unl.edu/sites/unl.edu.ianr.agecon.center-for-ag-profitability/files/media/file/2026-nebraska-custom-rates-report_ada.pdf",
  "pdf_page": 20,
  "flags": [
   {
    "type": "low-n",
    "why": "Only 3 responses."
   }
  ]
 },
 {
  "id": "ne-hauling-large-round-bales-of-hay-or-cornstalks-22-tons-average-weight-per-load-load",
  "state": "NE",
  "operation": "Hauling large round bales of hay or cornstalks - 22 tons average weight per load",
  "unit": "load",
  "avg": 260.0,
  "n": 3,
  "low": 180.0,
  "high": 400.0,
  "source_pdf": "https://cap.unl.edu/sites/unl.edu.ianr.agecon.center-for-ag-profitability/files/media/file/2026-nebraska-custom-rates-report_ada.pdf",
  "pdf_page": 20,
  "flags": [
   {
    "type": "low-n",
    "why": "Only 3 responses."
   }
  ]
 },
 {
  "id": "ne-hauling-silage-by-truck-hour",
  "state": "NE",
  "operation": "Hauling silage by truck",
  "unit": "hour",
  "avg": 150.0,
  "n": 3,
  "low": 100.0,
  "high": 250.0,
  "source_pdf": "https://cap.unl.edu/sites/unl.edu.ianr.agecon.center-for-ag-profitability/files/media/file/2026-nebraska-custom-rates-report_ada.pdf",
  "pdf_page": 21,
  "flags": [
   {
    "type": "low-n",
    "why": "Only 3 responses."
   }
  ]
 },
 {
  "id": "ne-corn-silage-field-chopping-hauling-filling-and-packing-silo-ton",
  "state": "NE",
  "operation": "Corn silage (field chopping, hauling, filling, and packing silo)",
  "unit": "ton",
  "avg": 13.38,
  "n": 4,
  "low": 10.0,
  "high": 15.0,
  "source_pdf": "https://cap.unl.edu/sites/unl.edu.ianr.agecon.center-for-ag-profitability/files/media/file/2026-nebraska-custom-rates-report_ada.pdf",
  "pdf_page": 21,
  "flags": [
   {
    "type": "low-n",
    "why": "Only 4 responses."
   }
  ]
 },
 {
  "id": "ne-corn-silage-field-chopping-and-hauling-ton",
  "state": "NE",
  "operation": "Corn silage (field chopping and hauling)",
  "unit": "ton",
  "avg": 11.5,
  "n": 3,
  "low": 9.0,
  "high": 13.0,
  "source_pdf": "https://cap.unl.edu/sites/unl.edu.ianr.agecon.center-for-ag-profitability/files/media/file/2026-nebraska-custom-rates-report_ada.pdf",
  "pdf_page": 21,
  "flags": [
   {
    "type": "low-n",
    "why": "Only 3 responses."
   }
  ]
 },
 {
  "id": "ne-hauling-cattle-with-an-18-wheel-semi-trailer-loaded-mile",
  "state": "NE",
  "operation": "Hauling cattle with an 18-wheel semi-trailer",
  "unit": "loaded mile",
  "avg": 6.0,
  "n": 3,
  "low": 4.75,
  "high": 8.0,
  "source_pdf": "https://cap.unl.edu/sites/unl.edu.ianr.agecon.center-for-ag-profitability/files/media/file/2026-nebraska-custom-rates-report_ada.pdf",
  "pdf_page": 21,
  "flags": [
   {
    "type": "low-n",
    "why": "Only 3 responses."
   }
  ]
 },
 {
  "id": "ne-treating-soybean-seed-include-cost-of-chemical-treatment-bushel",
  "state": "NE",
  "operation": "Treating soybean seed (include cost of chemical treatment)",
  "unit": "bushel",
  "avg": 10.67,
  "n": 3,
  "low": 5.0,
  "high": 14.0,
  "source_pdf": "https://cap.unl.edu/sites/unl.edu.ianr.agecon.center-for-ag-profitability/files/media/file/2026-nebraska-custom-rates-report_ada.pdf",
  "pdf_page": 22,
  "flags": [
   {
    "type": "check",
    "why": "$10.67 per bushel “including cost of chemical treatment”. Includes the chemical, so not comparable to application-only rates."
   },
   {
    "type": "low-n",
    "why": "Only 3 responses."
   }
  ]
 },
 {
  "id": "ne-building-new-fence-labor-charge-only-for-building-4-strand-barbed-wood-posts-foot",
  "state": "NE",
  "operation": "Building new fence (labor charge only for building 4 strand barbed /wood posts)",
  "unit": "foot",
  "avg": 1.6,
  "n": 3,
  "low": 1.3,
  "high": 2.0,
  "source_pdf": "https://cap.unl.edu/sites/unl.edu.ianr.agecon.center-for-ag-profitability/files/media/file/2026-nebraska-custom-rates-report_ada.pdf",
  "pdf_page": 22,
  "flags": [
   {
    "type": "low-n",
    "why": "Only 3 responses."
   }
  ]
 },
 {
  "id": "ne-mowing-grass-crp-or-pasture-acre",
  "state": "NE",
  "operation": "Mowing grass (CRP or pasture)",
  "unit": "acre",
  "avg": 4.6,
  "n": 5,
  "low": 3.0,
  "high": 5.0,
  "source_pdf": "https://cap.unl.edu/sites/unl.edu.ianr.agecon.center-for-ag-profitability/files/media/file/2026-nebraska-custom-rates-report_ada.pdf",
  "pdf_page": 22,
  "flags": [
   {
    "type": "check",
    "why": "The per-hour row ($154.29, mode $100, range $100–$250, n=7) has exactly the same statistics as “Dryland corn” custom farming. Possible copy error in the source report."
   },
   {
    "type": "outlier",
    "why": "-78% vs. the cross-state median ($21.36) for “Mowing CRP / pasture (per acre)”."
   }
  ]
 },
 {
  "id": "ne-mowing-grass-crp-or-pasture-hour",
  "state": "NE",
  "operation": "Mowing grass (CRP or pasture)",
  "unit": "hour",
  "avg": 154.29,
  "n": 7,
  "low": 100.0,
  "high": 250.0,
  "source_pdf": "https://cap.unl.edu/sites/unl.edu.ianr.agecon.center-for-ag-profitability/files/media/file/2026-nebraska-custom-rates-report_ada.pdf",
  "pdf_page": 23,
  "flags": [
   {
    "type": "check",
    "why": "The per-hour row ($154.29, mode $100, range $100–$250, n=7) has exactly the same statistics as “Dryland corn” custom farming. Possible copy error in the source report."
   }
  ]
 },
 {
  "id": "ne-checking-pivots-during-irrigation-season-hour",
  "state": "NE",
  "operation": "Checking pivots during irrigation season",
  "unit": "hour",
  "avg": 43.75,
  "n": 4,
  "low": 25.0,
  "high": 50.0,
  "source_pdf": "https://cap.unl.edu/sites/unl.edu.ianr.agecon.center-for-ag-profitability/files/media/file/2026-nebraska-custom-rates-report_ada.pdf",
  "pdf_page": 23,
  "flags": [
   {
    "type": "low-n",
    "why": "Only 4 responses."
   }
  ]
 },
 {
  "id": "ne-skid-steer-loader-rent-exclude-fuel-operator-metered-hour",
  "state": "NE",
  "operation": "Skid steer loader rent, (exclude fuel & operator)",
  "unit": "metered hour",
  "avg": 105.0,
  "n": 4,
  "low": 60.0,
  "high": 150.0,
  "source_pdf": "https://cap.unl.edu/sites/unl.edu.ianr.agecon.center-for-ag-profitability/files/media/file/2026-nebraska-custom-rates-report_ada.pdf",
  "pdf_page": 23,
  "flags": [
   {
    "type": "low-n",
    "why": "Only 4 responses."
   }
  ]
 },
 {
  "id": "ne-tractor-rent-tractor-only-exclude-fuel-and-operator-100-149-h-p-metered-hour",
  "state": "NE",
  "operation": "Tractor rent, tractor only (exclude fuel and operator), 100-149 h.p.",
  "unit": "metered hour",
  "avg": 101.88,
  "n": 4,
  "low": 62.5,
  "high": 200.0,
  "source_pdf": "https://cap.unl.edu/sites/unl.edu.ianr.agecon.center-for-ag-profitability/files/media/file/2026-nebraska-custom-rates-report_ada.pdf",
  "pdf_page": 24,
  "flags": [
   {
    "type": "low-n",
    "why": "Only 4 responses."
   }
  ]
 },
 {
  "id": "ne-heavy-equipment-operations-bulldozing-clearing-land-includes-machinery-fuel-and-hour",
  "state": "NE",
  "operation": "Heavy equipment operations, bulldozing /clearing land, (includes machinery, fuel, and labor)",
  "unit": "hour",
  "avg": 240.0,
  "n": 4,
  "low": 210.0,
  "high": 275.0,
  "source_pdf": "https://cap.unl.edu/sites/unl.edu.ianr.agecon.center-for-ag-profitability/files/media/file/2026-nebraska-custom-rates-report_ada.pdf",
  "pdf_page": 24,
  "flags": [
   {
    "type": "low-n",
    "why": "Only 4 responses."
   }
  ]
 },
 {
  "id": "ne-heavy-equipment-operations-excavating-hauling-includes-machinery-fuel-and-labor-hour",
  "state": "NE",
  "operation": "Heavy equipment operations, excavating & hauling, (includes machinery, fuel, and labor)",
  "unit": "hour",
  "avg": 200.0,
  "n": 4,
  "low": 175.0,
  "high": 250.0,
  "source_pdf": "https://cap.unl.edu/sites/unl.edu.ianr.agecon.center-for-ag-profitability/files/media/file/2026-nebraska-custom-rates-report_ada.pdf",
  "pdf_page": 24,
  "flags": [
   {
    "type": "low-n",
    "why": "Only 4 responses."
   }
  ]
 },
 {
  "id": "ks-hauling-wheat-field-to-farm-storage-or-elevator-base-charge-bushel",
  "state": "KS",
  "operation": "Hauling wheat, field to farm storage or elevator (base charge)",
  "unit": "bushel",
  "avg": 0.28,
  "n": 117,
  "low": null,
  "high": null,
  "source_pdf": "https://www.agmanager.info/sites/default/files/pdf/CustomRates_2026.pdf",
  "pdf_page": 12,
  "flags": [
   {
    "type": "check",
    "why": "Additional charge for longer distances is published as $/bushel per MILE (about $0.05/bu/mile), which is much higher than WI/ND per-10-mile charges. Worth a sanity check."
   },
   {
    "type": "outlier",
    "why": "+77% vs. the cross-state median ($0.16) for “Hauling grain, field to farm/local storage”."
   }
  ]
 },
 {
  "id": "ks-hauling-grain-sorghum-field-to-farm-storage-or-elevator-base-charge-bushel",
  "state": "KS",
  "operation": "Hauling grain sorghum, field to farm storage or elevator (base charge)",
  "unit": "bushel",
  "avg": 0.291,
  "n": 91,
  "low": null,
  "high": null,
  "source_pdf": "https://www.agmanager.info/sites/default/files/pdf/CustomRates_2026.pdf",
  "pdf_page": 12,
  "flags": [
   {
    "type": "check",
    "why": "Additional charge for longer distances is published as $/bushel per MILE (about $0.05/bu/mile), which is much higher than WI/ND per-10-mile charges. Worth a sanity check."
   },
   {
    "type": "outlier",
    "why": "+84% vs. the cross-state median ($0.16) for “Hauling grain, field to farm/local storage”."
   }
  ]
 },
 {
  "id": "ks-hauling-corn-field-to-farm-storage-or-elevator-base-charge-bushel",
  "state": "KS",
  "operation": "Hauling corn, field to farm storage or elevator (base charge)",
  "unit": "bushel",
  "avg": 0.239,
  "n": 117,
  "low": null,
  "high": null,
  "source_pdf": "https://www.agmanager.info/sites/default/files/pdf/CustomRates_2026.pdf",
  "pdf_page": 12,
  "flags": [
   {
    "type": "check",
    "why": "Additional charge for longer distances is published as $/bushel per MILE (about $0.05/bu/mile), which is much higher than WI/ND per-10-mile charges. Worth a sanity check."
   },
   {
    "type": "outlier",
    "why": "+51% vs. the cross-state median ($0.16) for “Hauling grain, field to farm/local storage”."
   }
  ]
 },
 {
  "id": "ks-hauling-soybeans-field-to-farm-storage-or-elevator-base-charge-bushel",
  "state": "KS",
  "operation": "Hauling soybeans, field to farm storage or elevator (base charge)",
  "unit": "bushel",
  "avg": 0.242,
  "n": 82,
  "low": null,
  "high": null,
  "source_pdf": "https://www.agmanager.info/sites/default/files/pdf/CustomRates_2026.pdf",
  "pdf_page": 12,
  "flags": [
   {
    "type": "check",
    "why": "Additional charge for longer distances is published as $/bushel per MILE (about $0.05/bu/mile), which is much higher than WI/ND per-10-mile charges. Worth a sanity check."
   },
   {
    "type": "outlier",
    "why": "+53% vs. the cross-state median ($0.16) for “Hauling grain, field to farm/local storage”."
   }
  ]
 },
 {
  "id": "ks-mowing-or-swathing-forage-acre",
  "state": "KS",
  "operation": "Mowing or swathing forage",
  "unit": "acre",
  "avg": 17.47,
  "n": 30,
  "low": 10.0,
  "high": 25.0,
  "source_pdf": "https://www.agmanager.info/sites/default/files/pdf/CustomRates_2026.pdf",
  "pdf_page": 15,
  "flags": [
   {
    "type": "check",
    "why": "Report text says $17.74/acre; the table shows $17.47/acre. Table value used."
   }
  ]
 },
 {
  "id": "ks-baling-large-round-bales-with-net-under-1-500-lb-bale",
  "state": "KS",
  "operation": "Baling large round bales with net, under 1,500 lb",
  "unit": "bale",
  "avg": 16.06,
  "n": 51,
  "low": 12.0,
  "high": 20.0,
  "source_pdf": "https://www.agmanager.info/sites/default/files/pdf/CustomRates_2026.pdf",
  "pdf_page": 16,
  "flags": [
   {
    "type": "check",
    "why": "The table header reads “Dollars per Acre” but values and text are per bale. Stored as per bale."
   }
  ]
 },
 {
  "id": "ks-baling-large-round-bales-with-net-over-1-500-lb-bale",
  "state": "KS",
  "operation": "Baling large round bales with net, over 1,500 lb",
  "unit": "bale",
  "avg": 18.96,
  "n": 54,
  "low": 14.0,
  "high": 25.0,
  "source_pdf": "https://www.agmanager.info/sites/default/files/pdf/CustomRates_2026.pdf",
  "pdf_page": 16,
  "flags": [
   {
    "type": "check",
    "why": "The table header reads “Dollars per Acre” but values and text are per bale. Stored as per bale."
   }
  ]
 },
 {
  "id": "ks-regular-till-soybean-twin-row-planting-with-fertilizer-acre",
  "state": "KS",
  "operation": "Regular-till soybean twin-row planting, with fertilizer",
  "unit": "acre",
  "avg": 29.5,
  "n": 4,
  "low": 21.0,
  "high": 38.0,
  "source_pdf": "https://www.agmanager.info/sites/default/files/pdf/CustomRates_2026.pdf",
  "pdf_page": 22,
  "flags": [
   {
    "type": "low-n",
    "why": "Only 4 responses."
   }
  ]
 },
 {
  "id": "ks-no-till-min-till-soybean-twin-row-planting-with-fertilizer-acre",
  "state": "KS",
  "operation": "No-till/min-till soybean twin-row planting, with fertilizer",
  "unit": "acre",
  "avg": 26.29,
  "n": 7,
  "low": 20.0,
  "high": 36.0,
  "source_pdf": "https://www.agmanager.info/sites/default/files/pdf/CustomRates_2026.pdf",
  "pdf_page": 25,
  "flags": [
   {
    "type": "check",
    "why": "Report text says $26.69/acre; the table shows $26.29/acre. Table value used."
   }
  ]
 },
 {
  "id": "ks-manure-spreading-only-ton",
  "state": "KS",
  "operation": "Manure spreading only",
  "unit": "ton",
  "avg": 6.11,
  "n": 27,
  "low": 2.0,
  "high": 20.0,
  "source_pdf": "https://www.agmanager.info/sites/default/files/pdf/CustomRates_2026.pdf",
  "pdf_page": 35,
  "flags": [
   {
    "type": "check",
    "why": "Table column header says $/Mile, but report text describes $6.11 per ton. Stored as per ton."
   }
  ]
 },
 {
  "id": "ks-manure-removal-only-additional-charge-per-mile-hauled-mile",
  "state": "KS",
  "operation": "Manure removal only: additional charge per mile hauled",
  "unit": "mile",
  "avg": 2.25,
  "n": null,
  "low": null,
  "high": null,
  "source_pdf": "https://www.agmanager.info/sites/default/files/pdf/CustomRates_2026.pdf",
  "pdf_page": 35,
  "flags": [
   {
    "type": "no-n",
    "why": "Number of responses not published for this item."
   }
  ]
 },
 {
  "id": "ks-manure-spreading-only-additional-charge-per-mile-hauled-mile",
  "state": "KS",
  "operation": "Manure spreading only: additional charge per mile hauled",
  "unit": "mile",
  "avg": 1.04,
  "n": null,
  "low": null,
  "high": null,
  "source_pdf": "https://www.agmanager.info/sites/default/files/pdf/CustomRates_2026.pdf",
  "pdf_page": 35,
  "flags": [
   {
    "type": "no-n",
    "why": "Number of responses not published for this item."
   }
  ]
 },
 {
  "id": "ks-manure-removal-and-spreading-additional-charge-per-mile-hauled-mile",
  "state": "KS",
  "operation": "Manure removal and spreading: additional charge per mile hauled",
  "unit": "mile",
  "avg": 1.96,
  "n": null,
  "low": null,
  "high": null,
  "source_pdf": "https://www.agmanager.info/sites/default/files/pdf/CustomRates_2026.pdf",
  "pdf_page": 35,
  "flags": [
   {
    "type": "no-n",
    "why": "Number of responses not published for this item."
   }
  ]
 },
 {
  "id": "ks-skid-loader-rental-hour",
  "state": "KS",
  "operation": "Skid Loader rental",
  "unit": "hour",
  "avg": 95.56,
  "n": 9,
  "low": 80.0,
  "high": 120.0,
  "source_pdf": "https://www.agmanager.info/sites/default/files/pdf/CustomRates_2026.pdf",
  "pdf_page": 35,
  "flags": [
   {
    "type": "check",
    "why": "Report text says $95.96/hr; the table shows $95.56/hr. Table value used."
   }
  ]
 },
 {
  "id": "ks-tractor-rental-151-250-hp-hour",
  "state": "KS",
  "operation": "Tractor rental, 151-250 HP",
  "unit": "hour",
  "avg": 162.5,
  "n": 4,
  "low": 50.0,
  "high": 200.0,
  "source_pdf": "https://www.agmanager.info/sites/default/files/pdf/CustomRates_2026.pdf",
  "pdf_page": 35,
  "flags": [
   {
    "type": "low-n",
    "why": "Only 4 responses."
   }
  ]
 },
 {
  "id": "mo-corn-conventional-tillage-acre",
  "state": "MO",
  "operation": "Corn, conventional tillage",
  "unit": "acre",
  "avg": 112.5,
  "n": 6,
  "low": 90.0,
  "high": 140.0,
  "source_pdf": "https://extension.missouri.edu/media/wysiwyg/Extensiondata/Pub/pdf/agguides/agecon/g00302.pdf",
  "pdf_page": 1,
  "flags": [
   {
    "type": "check",
    "why": "Full custom farming at $96–$112/acre is well below Iowa ($178) and Ohio ($165). What is included may differ; only 5–6 responses."
   }
  ]
 },
 {
  "id": "mo-corn-no-till-acre",
  "state": "MO",
  "operation": "Corn, no-till",
  "unit": "acre",
  "avg": 99.17,
  "n": 6,
  "low": 85.0,
  "high": 130.0,
  "source_pdf": "https://extension.missouri.edu/media/wysiwyg/Extensiondata/Pub/pdf/agguides/agecon/g00302.pdf",
  "pdf_page": 1,
  "flags": [
   {
    "type": "check",
    "why": "Full custom farming at $96–$112/acre is well below Iowa ($178) and Ohio ($165). What is included may differ; only 5–6 responses."
   }
  ]
 },
 {
  "id": "mo-soybean-conventional-tillage-acre",
  "state": "MO",
  "operation": "Soybean, conventional tillage",
  "unit": "acre",
  "avg": 111.0,
  "n": 5,
  "low": 90.0,
  "high": 125.0,
  "source_pdf": "https://extension.missouri.edu/media/wysiwyg/Extensiondata/Pub/pdf/agguides/agecon/g00302.pdf",
  "pdf_page": 1,
  "flags": [
   {
    "type": "check",
    "why": "Full custom farming at $96–$112/acre is well below Iowa ($178) and Ohio ($165). What is included may differ; only 5–6 responses."
   }
  ]
 },
 {
  "id": "mo-soybean-no-till-acre",
  "state": "MO",
  "operation": "Soybean, no-till",
  "unit": "acre",
  "avg": 96.0,
  "n": 5,
  "low": 80.0,
  "high": 110.0,
  "source_pdf": "https://extension.missouri.edu/media/wysiwyg/Extensiondata/Pub/pdf/agguides/agecon/g00302.pdf",
  "pdf_page": 1,
  "flags": [
   {
    "type": "check",
    "why": "Full custom farming at $96–$112/acre is well below Iowa ($178) and Ohio ($165). What is included may differ; only 5–6 responses."
   }
  ]
 },
 {
  "id": "mo-combining-without-grain-cart-corn-acre",
  "state": "MO",
  "operation": "Combining, without grain cart: Corn",
  "unit": "acre",
  "avg": 47.56,
  "n": 9,
  "low": 35.0,
  "high": 95.0,
  "source_pdf": "https://extension.missouri.edu/media/wysiwyg/Extensiondata/Pub/pdf/agguides/agecon/g00302.pdf",
  "pdf_page": 3,
  "flags": [
   {
    "type": "check",
    "why": "Average $47.56 is almost the same as “including grain cart” ($47.95); median is $40 and range goes to $95, so a few high responses pull the average up."
   }
  ]
 },
 {
  "id": "mo-grain-cart-tractor-and-cart-running-in-field-hour",
  "state": "MO",
  "operation": "Grain cart (tractor and cart, running in field)",
  "unit": "hour",
  "avg": 108.75,
  "n": 4,
  "low": 85.0,
  "high": 150.0,
  "source_pdf": "https://extension.missouri.edu/media/wysiwyg/Extensiondata/Pub/pdf/agguides/agecon/g00302.pdf",
  "pdf_page": 3,
  "flags": [
   {
    "type": "low-n",
    "why": "Only 4 responses."
   }
  ]
 },
 {
  "id": "mo-hauling-hay-or-livestock-livestock-with-semi-and-trailer-mile",
  "state": "MO",
  "operation": "Hauling hay or livestock: Livestock with semi and trailer",
  "unit": "mile",
  "avg": 5.38,
  "n": 4,
  "low": 5.0,
  "high": 6.0,
  "source_pdf": "https://extension.missouri.edu/media/wysiwyg/Extensiondata/Pub/pdf/agguides/agecon/g00302.pdf",
  "pdf_page": 4,
  "flags": [
   {
    "type": "low-n",
    "why": "Only 4 responses."
   }
  ]
 },
 {
  "id": "in-conventional-till-small-grains-acre",
  "state": "IN",
  "operation": "Conventional Till Small Grains",
  "unit": "acre",
  "avg": 17.33,
  "n": 3,
  "low": null,
  "high": null,
  "source_pdf": "https://ag.purdue.edu/commercialag/home/wp-content/uploads/2025/04/20250417_Langemeier_2025IndianaFarmCustomRates.pdf",
  "pdf_page": 2,
  "flags": [
   {
    "type": "low-n",
    "why": "Only 3 responses."
   }
  ]
 },
 {
  "id": "in-small-rectangular-bales-25-60-lbs-bale",
  "state": "IN",
  "operation": "Small Rectangular Bales (25-60 lbs.)",
  "unit": "bale",
  "avg": 1.12,
  "n": 9,
  "low": null,
  "high": null,
  "source_pdf": "https://ag.purdue.edu/commercialag/home/wp-content/uploads/2025/04/20250417_Langemeier_2025IndianaFarmCustomRates.pdf",
  "pdf_page": 3,
  "flags": [
   {
    "type": "outlier",
    "why": "-40% vs. the cross-state median ($1.88) for “Baling small square bales”."
   }
  ]
 },
 {
  "id": "in-medium-round-bales-4-feet-wide-bale",
  "state": "IN",
  "operation": "Medium Round Bales (4 feet wide)",
  "unit": "bale",
  "avg": 25.0,
  "n": 2,
  "low": null,
  "high": null,
  "source_pdf": "https://ag.purdue.edu/commercialag/home/wp-content/uploads/2025/04/20250417_Langemeier_2025IndianaFarmCustomRates.pdf",
  "pdf_page": 3,
  "flags": [
   {
    "type": "check",
    "why": "Only 2 responses."
   },
   {
    "type": "low-n",
    "why": "Only 2 responses."
   }
  ]
 },
 {
  "id": "in-large-round-corn-stover-bales-bale",
  "state": "IN",
  "operation": "Large Round Corn Stover Bales",
  "unit": "bale",
  "avg": 15.0,
  "n": 2,
  "low": null,
  "high": null,
  "source_pdf": "https://ag.purdue.edu/commercialag/home/wp-content/uploads/2025/04/20250417_Langemeier_2025IndianaFarmCustomRates.pdf",
  "pdf_page": 3,
  "flags": [
   {
    "type": "check",
    "why": "Only 2 responses."
   },
   {
    "type": "low-n",
    "why": "Only 2 responses."
   }
  ]
 },
 {
  "id": "in-charge-for-moving-bales-to-farm-storage-bale",
  "state": "IN",
  "operation": "Charge for Moving Bales to Farm Storage",
  "unit": "bale",
  "avg": 3.5,
  "n": 4,
  "low": null,
  "high": null,
  "source_pdf": "https://ag.purdue.edu/commercialag/home/wp-content/uploads/2025/04/20250417_Langemeier_2025IndianaFarmCustomRates.pdf",
  "pdf_page": 3,
  "flags": [
   {
    "type": "low-n",
    "why": "Only 4 responses."
   }
  ]
 },
 {
  "id": "in-mowing-pasture-or-crp-acres-acre",
  "state": "IN",
  "operation": "Mowing Pasture or CRP Acres",
  "unit": "acre",
  "avg": 30.85,
  "n": 9,
  "low": null,
  "high": null,
  "source_pdf": "https://ag.purdue.edu/commercialag/home/wp-content/uploads/2025/04/20250417_Langemeier_2025IndianaFarmCustomRates.pdf",
  "pdf_page": 3,
  "flags": [
   {
    "type": "outlier",
    "why": "+44% vs. the cross-state median ($21.36) for “Mowing CRP / pasture (per acre)”."
   }
  ]
 },
 {
  "id": "in-bulldozing-blade-larger-than-9-feet-hour",
  "state": "IN",
  "operation": "Bulldozing (blade = larger than 9 feet)",
  "unit": "hour",
  "avg": 165.0,
  "n": 4,
  "low": null,
  "high": null,
  "source_pdf": "https://ag.purdue.edu/commercialag/home/wp-content/uploads/2025/04/20250417_Langemeier_2025IndianaFarmCustomRates.pdf",
  "pdf_page": 3,
  "flags": [
   {
    "type": "low-n",
    "why": "Only 4 responses."
   }
  ]
 },
 {
  "id": "in-tractor-rental-average-hp-195-hour",
  "state": "IN",
  "operation": "Tractor rental (Average HP = 195)",
  "unit": "hour",
  "avg": 78.0,
  "n": 3,
  "low": null,
  "high": null,
  "source_pdf": "https://ag.purdue.edu/commercialag/home/wp-content/uploads/2025/04/20250417_Langemeier_2025IndianaFarmCustomRates.pdf",
  "pdf_page": 3,
  "flags": [
   {
    "type": "low-n",
    "why": "Only 3 responses."
   }
  ]
 },
 {
  "id": "wi-offset-disk-acre",
  "state": "WI",
  "operation": "Offset Disk",
  "unit": "acre",
  "avg": 21.75,
  "n": 4,
  "low": 15.0,
  "high": 32.0,
  "source_pdf": "https://farms.extension.wisc.edu/files/2026/08/Custom-Rates-for-2025-Wisconsin-Farm-Operations.pdf",
  "pdf_page": 2,
  "flags": [
   {
    "type": "low-n",
    "why": "Only 4 responses."
   }
  ]
 },
 {
  "id": "wi-fertilizer-application-bulk-dry-broadcast-acre",
  "state": "WI",
  "operation": "Fertilizer application - Bulk Dry - Broadcast",
  "unit": "acre",
  "avg": 9.89,
  "n": 26,
  "low": 6.0,
  "high": 25.0,
  "source_pdf": "https://farms.extension.wisc.edu/files/2026/08/Custom-Rates-for-2025-Wisconsin-Farm-Operations.pdf",
  "pdf_page": 3,
  "flags": [
   {
    "type": "check",
    "why": "Table 4 in the source is labeled “2024” while every other table says 2025. Probably a typo; data kept with the 2025 survey."
   }
  ]
 },
 {
  "id": "wi-fertilizer-application-liquid-broadcast-acre",
  "state": "WI",
  "operation": "Fertilizer application - Liquid - Broadcast",
  "unit": "acre",
  "avg": 12.61,
  "n": 9,
  "low": 8.0,
  "high": 20.0,
  "source_pdf": "https://farms.extension.wisc.edu/files/2026/08/Custom-Rates-for-2025-Wisconsin-Farm-Operations.pdf",
  "pdf_page": 3,
  "flags": [
   {
    "type": "check",
    "why": "Table 4 in the source is labeled “2024” while every other table says 2025. Probably a typo; data kept with the 2025 survey."
   }
  ]
 },
 {
  "id": "wi-fertilizer-application-liquid-side-dressing-with-drop-nozzles-acre",
  "state": "WI",
  "operation": "Fertilizer application - Liquid - Side-Dressing with Drop Nozzles",
  "unit": "acre",
  "avg": 15.88,
  "n": 10,
  "low": 11.25,
  "high": 30.0,
  "source_pdf": "https://farms.extension.wisc.edu/files/2026/08/Custom-Rates-for-2025-Wisconsin-Farm-Operations.pdf",
  "pdf_page": 3,
  "flags": [
   {
    "type": "check",
    "why": "Table 4 in the source is labeled “2024” while every other table says 2025. Probably a typo; data kept with the 2025 survey."
   }
  ]
 },
 {
  "id": "wi-fertilizer-application-lime-application-ton",
  "state": "WI",
  "operation": "Fertilizer application - Lime Application",
  "unit": "ton",
  "avg": 31.71,
  "n": 7,
  "low": 10.0,
  "high": 75.0,
  "source_pdf": "https://farms.extension.wisc.edu/files/2026/08/Custom-Rates-for-2025-Wisconsin-Farm-Operations.pdf",
  "pdf_page": 3,
  "flags": [
   {
    "type": "check",
    "why": "Table 4 in the source is labeled “2024” while every other table says 2025. Probably a typo; data kept with the 2025 survey."
   },
   {
    "type": "outlier",
    "why": "+175% vs. the cross-state median ($11.53) for “Spreading lime (per ton)”."
   }
  ]
 },
 {
  "id": "wi-fungicide-ground-application-acre",
  "state": "WI",
  "operation": "Fungicide Ground Application",
  "unit": "acre",
  "avg": 12.17,
  "n": 16,
  "low": 9.0,
  "high": 25.0,
  "source_pdf": "https://farms.extension.wisc.edu/files/2026/08/Custom-Rates-for-2025-Wisconsin-Farm-Operations.pdf",
  "pdf_page": 3,
  "flags": [
   {
    "type": "check",
    "why": "Table 4 in the source is labeled “2024” while every other table says 2025. Probably a typo; data kept with the 2025 survey."
   }
  ]
 },
 {
  "id": "wi-herbicide-application-boom-sprayer-acre",
  "state": "WI",
  "operation": "Herbicide application - Boom Sprayer",
  "unit": "acre",
  "avg": 11.01,
  "n": 29,
  "low": 8.0,
  "high": 18.0,
  "source_pdf": "https://farms.extension.wisc.edu/files/2026/08/Custom-Rates-for-2025-Wisconsin-Farm-Operations.pdf",
  "pdf_page": 3,
  "flags": [
   {
    "type": "check",
    "why": "Table 4 in the source is labeled “2024” while every other table says 2025. Probably a typo; data kept with the 2025 survey."
   }
  ]
 },
 {
  "id": "wi-herbicide-application-broadcast-or-banded-only-liquid-acre",
  "state": "WI",
  "operation": "Herbicide application - Broadcast or Banded (only) -liquid",
  "unit": "acre",
  "avg": 13.5,
  "n": 6,
  "low": 10.0,
  "high": 20.0,
  "source_pdf": "https://farms.extension.wisc.edu/files/2026/08/Custom-Rates-for-2025-Wisconsin-Farm-Operations.pdf",
  "pdf_page": 3,
  "flags": [
   {
    "type": "check",
    "why": "Table 4 in the source is labeled “2024” while every other table says 2025. Probably a typo; data kept with the 2025 survey."
   }
  ]
 },
 {
  "id": "wi-harvest-swathing-acre",
  "state": "WI",
  "operation": "Harvest - Swathing",
  "unit": "acre",
  "avg": 17.75,
  "n": 4,
  "low": 13.0,
  "high": 28.0,
  "source_pdf": "https://farms.extension.wisc.edu/files/2026/08/Custom-Rates-for-2025-Wisconsin-Farm-Operations.pdf",
  "pdf_page": 3,
  "flags": [
   {
    "type": "low-n",
    "why": "Only 4 responses."
   }
  ]
 },
 {
  "id": "wi-baling-round-bales-small-bales-bale",
  "state": "WI",
  "operation": "Baling round bales - Small Bales",
  "unit": "bale",
  "avg": 11.83,
  "n": 9,
  "low": 7.5,
  "high": 16.0,
  "source_pdf": "https://farms.extension.wisc.edu/files/2026/08/Custom-Rates-for-2025-Wisconsin-Farm-Operations.pdf",
  "pdf_page": 4,
  "flags": [
   {
    "type": "check",
    "why": "The “Small Bales” and “4x5” rows have identical average, range, median and count (11.83, 7.50–16.00, 12.00, n=9). Possibly a duplicated row in the source."
   }
  ]
 },
 {
  "id": "wi-baling-round-bales-4x5-bale",
  "state": "WI",
  "operation": "Baling round bales - 4x5",
  "unit": "bale",
  "avg": 11.83,
  "n": 9,
  "low": 7.5,
  "high": 16.0,
  "source_pdf": "https://farms.extension.wisc.edu/files/2026/08/Custom-Rates-for-2025-Wisconsin-Farm-Operations.pdf",
  "pdf_page": 4,
  "flags": [
   {
    "type": "check",
    "why": "The “Small Bales” and “4x5” rows have identical average, range, median and count (11.83, 7.50–16.00, 12.00, n=9). Possibly a duplicated row in the source."
   }
  ]
 },
 {
  "id": "wi-moving-large-round-bales-from-field-to-storage-bale",
  "state": "WI",
  "operation": "Moving large round bales from field to storage",
  "unit": "bale",
  "avg": 4.0,
  "n": 4,
  "low": 1.5,
  "high": 5.0,
  "source_pdf": "https://farms.extension.wisc.edu/files/2026/08/Custom-Rates-for-2025-Wisconsin-Farm-Operations.pdf",
  "pdf_page": 4,
  "flags": [
   {
    "type": "low-n",
    "why": "Only 4 responses."
   }
  ]
 },
 {
  "id": "wi-silage-chopping-only-hour",
  "state": "WI",
  "operation": "Silage chopping Only",
  "unit": "hour",
  "avg": 801.25,
  "n": 24,
  "low": 275.0,
  "high": 1390.0,
  "source_pdf": "https://farms.extension.wisc.edu/files/2026/08/Custom-Rates-for-2025-Wisconsin-Farm-Operations.pdf",
  "pdf_page": 4,
  "flags": [
   {
    "type": "check",
    "why": "Silage chopping around $800/hour (range up to $1,390). Self-propelled forage harvester rates; per-hour, not comparable with per-ton rates in other states."
   }
  ]
 },
 {
  "id": "wi-silage-chopping-and-hauling-only-hour",
  "state": "WI",
  "operation": "Silage chopping and Hauling Only",
  "unit": "hour",
  "avg": 785.0,
  "n": 4,
  "low": 450.0,
  "high": 1025.0,
  "source_pdf": "https://farms.extension.wisc.edu/files/2026/08/Custom-Rates-for-2025-Wisconsin-Farm-Operations.pdf",
  "pdf_page": 4,
  "flags": [
   {
    "type": "check",
    "why": "Silage chopping around $800/hour (range up to $1,390). Self-propelled forage harvester rates; per-hour, not comparable with per-ton rates in other states."
   },
   {
    "type": "low-n",
    "why": "Only 4 responses."
   }
  ]
 },
 {
  "id": "wi-silage-self-propelled-chopper-hour",
  "state": "WI",
  "operation": "Silage self-Propelled Chopper",
  "unit": "hour",
  "avg": 798.46,
  "n": 13,
  "low": 275.0,
  "high": 1050.0,
  "source_pdf": "https://farms.extension.wisc.edu/files/2026/08/Custom-Rates-for-2025-Wisconsin-Farm-Operations.pdf",
  "pdf_page": 4,
  "flags": [
   {
    "type": "check",
    "why": "Silage chopping around $800/hour (range up to $1,390). Self-propelled forage harvester rates; per-hour, not comparable with per-ton rates in other states."
   }
  ]
 },
 {
  "id": "wi-grain-hauling-extra-charge-per-10-miles-over-base-mileage-soybeans-bushel-per-10-miles",
  "state": "WI",
  "operation": "Grain hauling, extra charge per 10 miles over base mileage - Soybeans",
  "unit": "bushel per 10 miles",
  "avg": 0.1,
  "n": 4,
  "low": 0.05,
  "high": 0.15,
  "source_pdf": "https://farms.extension.wisc.edu/files/2026/08/Custom-Rates-for-2025-Wisconsin-Farm-Operations.pdf",
  "pdf_page": 4,
  "flags": [
   {
    "type": "low-n",
    "why": "Only 4 responses."
   }
  ]
 },
 {
  "id": "wi-corn-drying-point-per-bushel",
  "state": "WI",
  "operation": "Corn drying",
  "unit": "point per bushel",
  "avg": 0.06,
  "n": 4,
  "low": 0.05,
  "high": 0.07,
  "source_pdf": "https://farms.extension.wisc.edu/files/2026/08/Custom-Rates-for-2025-Wisconsin-Farm-Operations.pdf",
  "pdf_page": 5,
  "flags": [
   {
    "type": "low-n",
    "why": "Only 4 responses."
   }
  ]
 },
 {
  "id": "wi-manure-spreading-acre",
  "state": "WI",
  "operation": "Manure - Spreading",
  "unit": "acre",
  "avg": 147.38,
  "n": 4,
  "low": 115.0,
  "high": 160.0,
  "source_pdf": "https://farms.extension.wisc.edu/files/2026/08/Custom-Rates-for-2025-Wisconsin-Farm-Operations.pdf",
  "pdf_page": 5,
  "flags": [
   {
    "type": "check",
    "why": "$147.38 per acre for manure spreading looks very high (n=4). Check if the unit should be per hour or per load."
   },
   {
    "type": "low-n",
    "why": "Only 4 responses."
   }
  ]
 },
 {
  "id": "wi-manure-aerating-liquid-manure-in-a-storage-tank-hour",
  "state": "WI",
  "operation": "Manure - Aerating liquid manure in a storage tank",
  "unit": "hour",
  "avg": 345.0,
  "n": 4,
  "low": 300.0,
  "high": 380.0,
  "source_pdf": "https://farms.extension.wisc.edu/files/2026/08/Custom-Rates-for-2025-Wisconsin-Farm-Operations.pdf",
  "pdf_page": 5,
  "flags": [
   {
    "type": "low-n",
    "why": "Only 4 responses."
   }
  ]
 },
 {
  "id": "wi-machine-rental-hourly-tractors-hour",
  "state": "WI",
  "operation": "Machine rental (hourly) - Tractors",
  "unit": "hour",
  "avg": 52.0,
  "n": 4,
  "low": 25.0,
  "high": 85.0,
  "source_pdf": "https://farms.extension.wisc.edu/files/2026/08/Custom-Rates-for-2025-Wisconsin-Farm-Operations.pdf",
  "pdf_page": 5,
  "flags": [
   {
    "type": "low-n",
    "why": "Only 4 responses."
   }
  ]
 },
 {
  "id": "wi-machine-rental-hourly-skid-steer-loader-hour",
  "state": "WI",
  "operation": "Machine rental (hourly) - Skid steer loader",
  "unit": "hour",
  "avg": 67.5,
  "n": 4,
  "low": 25.0,
  "high": 85.0,
  "source_pdf": "https://farms.extension.wisc.edu/files/2026/08/Custom-Rates-for-2025-Wisconsin-Farm-Operations.pdf",
  "pdf_page": 5,
  "flags": [
   {
    "type": "low-n",
    "why": "Only 4 responses."
   }
  ]
 },
 {
  "id": "nd-primary-tillage-deep-plowing-moldboard-acre",
  "state": "ND",
  "operation": "Primary Tillage (Deep) - Plowing (Moldboard)",
  "unit": "acre",
  "avg": 12.78,
  "n": 6,
  "low": 10.0,
  "high": 17.0,
  "source_pdf": "https://www.ndsu.edu/agriculture/sites/default/files/2024-08/custearly24draft.pdf",
  "pdf_page": 1,
  "flags": [
   {
    "type": "outlier",
    "why": "-53% vs. the cross-state median ($26.93) for “Moldboard plowing”."
   }
  ]
 },
 {
  "id": "nd-primary-tillage-deep-sub-soiling-16-20-inches-deep-acre",
  "state": "ND",
  "operation": "Primary Tillage (Deep) - Sub Soiling (16-20 inches deep)",
  "unit": "acre",
  "avg": 23.0,
  "n": 4,
  "low": 12.0,
  "high": 30.0,
  "source_pdf": "https://www.ndsu.edu/agriculture/sites/default/files/2024-08/custearly24draft.pdf",
  "pdf_page": 1,
  "flags": [
   {
    "type": "low-n",
    "why": "Only 4 responses."
   }
  ]
 },
 {
  "id": "nd-secondary-tillage-shallow-rotary-hoe-acre",
  "state": "ND",
  "operation": "Secondary Tillage (Shallow) - Rotary Hoe",
  "unit": "acre",
  "avg": 9.0,
  "n": 4,
  "low": 5.0,
  "high": 13.0,
  "source_pdf": "https://www.ndsu.edu/agriculture/sites/default/files/2024-08/custearly24draft.pdf",
  "pdf_page": 1,
  "flags": [
   {
    "type": "low-n",
    "why": "Only 4 responses."
   }
  ]
 },
 {
  "id": "nd-secondary-tillage-shallow-row-crop-cultivation-acre",
  "state": "ND",
  "operation": "Secondary Tillage (Shallow) - Row Crop Cultivation",
  "unit": "acre",
  "avg": 11.5,
  "n": 4,
  "low": 9.5,
  "high": 15.0,
  "source_pdf": "https://www.ndsu.edu/agriculture/sites/default/files/2024-08/custearly24draft.pdf",
  "pdf_page": 1,
  "flags": [
   {
    "type": "low-n",
    "why": "Only 4 responses."
   }
  ]
 },
 {
  "id": "nd-baling-wire-or-twine-included-small-square-bales-250-lbs-or-less-bale",
  "state": "ND",
  "operation": "Baling (Wire or Twine Included) - Small Square Bales, 250 lbs or less",
  "unit": "bale",
  "avg": 3.0,
  "n": 6,
  "low": 1.0,
  "high": 9.0,
  "source_pdf": "https://www.ndsu.edu/agriculture/sites/default/files/2024-08/custearly24draft.pdf",
  "pdf_page": 2,
  "flags": [
   {
    "type": "outlier",
    "why": "+60% vs. the cross-state median ($1.88) for “Baling small square bales”."
   }
  ]
 },
 {
  "id": "nd-baling-wire-or-twine-included-large-square-bales-over-250-lbs-bale",
  "state": "ND",
  "operation": "Baling (Wire or Twine Included) - Large Square Bales, Over 250 lbs",
  "unit": "bale",
  "avg": 12.0,
  "n": 4,
  "low": 8.0,
  "high": 15.0,
  "source_pdf": "https://www.ndsu.edu/agriculture/sites/default/files/2024-08/custearly24draft.pdf",
  "pdf_page": 2,
  "flags": [
   {
    "type": "low-n",
    "why": "Only 4 responses."
   }
  ]
 },
 {
  "id": "nd-custom-feeding-livestock-weaned-calves-head-day",
  "state": "ND",
  "operation": "Custom Feeding Livestock - Weaned Calves",
  "unit": "head/day",
  "avg": 2.38,
  "n": 4,
  "low": 2.0,
  "high": 3.0,
  "source_pdf": "https://www.ndsu.edu/agriculture/sites/default/files/2024-08/custearly24draft.pdf",
  "pdf_page": 3,
  "flags": [
   {
    "type": "low-n",
    "why": "Only 4 responses."
   }
  ]
 },
 {
  "id": "nd-custom-feeding-livestock-wintering-pregnant-beef-cows-head-day",
  "state": "ND",
  "operation": "Custom Feeding Livestock - Wintering Pregnant Beef Cows",
  "unit": "head/day",
  "avg": 3.13,
  "n": 4,
  "low": 2.5,
  "high": 4.0,
  "source_pdf": "https://www.ndsu.edu/agriculture/sites/default/files/2024-08/custearly24draft.pdf",
  "pdf_page": 3,
  "flags": [
   {
    "type": "low-n",
    "why": "Only 4 responses."
   }
  ]
 },
 {
  "id": "nd-custom-feeding-livestock-calving-out-cows-head-day",
  "state": "ND",
  "operation": "Custom Feeding Livestock - Calving Out Cows",
  "unit": "head/day",
  "avg": 2.5,
  "n": 4,
  "low": 2.0,
  "high": 3.0,
  "source_pdf": "https://www.ndsu.edu/agriculture/sites/default/files/2024-08/custearly24draft.pdf",
  "pdf_page": 3,
  "flags": [
   {
    "type": "low-n",
    "why": "Only 4 responses."
   }
  ]
 },
 {
  "id": "nd-pneumatic-handling-of-grain-bushel",
  "state": "ND",
  "operation": "Pneumatic Handling of Grain",
  "unit": "bushel",
  "avg": 0.18,
  "n": 4,
  "low": 0.05,
  "high": 0.3,
  "source_pdf": "https://www.ndsu.edu/agriculture/sites/default/files/2024-08/custearly24draft.pdf",
  "pdf_page": 3,
  "flags": [
   {
    "type": "low-n",
    "why": "Only 4 responses."
   }
  ]
 },
 {
  "id": "nd-building-multi-strand-wire-fence-no-supplies-included-per-rod-rod",
  "state": "ND",
  "operation": "Building Multi-Strand Wire Fence (No Supplies Included) - Per Rod",
  "unit": "rod",
  "avg": 15.96,
  "n": 4,
  "low": 1.7,
  "high": 31.25,
  "source_pdf": "https://www.ndsu.edu/agriculture/sites/default/files/2024-08/custearly24draft.pdf",
  "pdf_page": 3,
  "flags": [
   {
    "type": "low-n",
    "why": "Only 4 responses."
   }
  ]
 },
 {
  "id": "nd-swathing-grain-pull-type-pto-unit-acre",
  "state": "ND",
  "operation": "Swathing Grain - Pull-Type (PTO Unit)",
  "unit": "acre",
  "avg": 9.4,
  "n": 4,
  "low": 5.0,
  "high": 15.0,
  "source_pdf": "https://www.ndsu.edu/agriculture/sites/default/files/2024-12/custlate24.pdf",
  "pdf_page": 1,
  "flags": [
   {
    "type": "low-n",
    "why": "Only 4 responses."
   }
  ]
 },
 {
  "id": "nd-making-corn-silage-field-chopping-and-hauling-hour",
  "state": "ND",
  "operation": "Making Corn Silage - Field Chopping and Hauling",
  "unit": "hour",
  "avg": 408.75,
  "n": 4,
  "low": 125.0,
  "high": 1200.0,
  "source_pdf": "https://www.ndsu.edu/agriculture/sites/default/files/2024-12/custlate24.pdf",
  "pdf_page": 1,
  "flags": [
   {
    "type": "low-n",
    "why": "Only 4 responses."
   }
  ]
 },
 {
  "id": "nd-machine-rental-corn-head-rental-only-acre",
  "state": "ND",
  "operation": "Machine Rental - Corn Head Rental Only",
  "unit": "acre",
  "avg": 7.25,
  "n": 4,
  "low": 5.0,
  "high": 10.0,
  "source_pdf": "https://www.ndsu.edu/agriculture/sites/default/files/2024-12/custlate24.pdf",
  "pdf_page": 1,
  "flags": [
   {
    "type": "low-n",
    "why": "Only 4 responses."
   }
  ]
 },
 {
  "id": "nd-drying-grain-soybeans-bushel",
  "state": "ND",
  "operation": "Drying Grain - Soybeans",
  "unit": "bushel",
  "avg": 0.203,
  "n": 4,
  "low": 0.06,
  "high": 0.5,
  "source_pdf": "https://www.ndsu.edu/agriculture/sites/default/files/2024-12/custlate24.pdf",
  "pdf_page": 2,
  "flags": [
   {
    "type": "low-n",
    "why": "Only 4 responses."
   }
  ]
 },
 {
  "id": "nd-hauling-crops-wheat-all-bushel",
  "state": "ND",
  "operation": "Hauling Crops - Wheat, All",
  "unit": "bushel",
  "avg": 0.261,
  "n": 27,
  "low": 0.05,
  "high": 0.8,
  "source_pdf": "https://www.ndsu.edu/agriculture/sites/default/files/2024-12/custlate24.pdf",
  "pdf_page": 2,
  "flags": [
   {
    "type": "outlier",
    "why": "+65% vs. the cross-state median ($0.16) for “Hauling grain, field to farm/local storage”."
   }
  ]
 },
 {
  "id": "nd-hauling-crops-flaxseed-bushel",
  "state": "ND",
  "operation": "Hauling Crops - Flaxseed",
  "unit": "bushel",
  "avg": 0.288,
  "n": 4,
  "low": 0.1,
  "high": 0.48,
  "source_pdf": "https://www.ndsu.edu/agriculture/sites/default/files/2024-12/custlate24.pdf",
  "pdf_page": 2,
  "flags": [
   {
    "type": "low-n",
    "why": "Only 4 responses."
   }
  ]
 },
 {
  "id": "nd-hauling-crops-corn-bushel",
  "state": "ND",
  "operation": "Hauling Crops - Corn",
  "unit": "bushel",
  "avg": 0.222,
  "n": 27,
  "low": 0.03,
  "high": 0.48,
  "source_pdf": "https://www.ndsu.edu/agriculture/sites/default/files/2024-12/custlate24.pdf",
  "pdf_page": 2,
  "flags": [
   {
    "type": "outlier",
    "why": "+40% vs. the cross-state median ($0.16) for “Hauling grain, field to farm/local storage”."
   }
  ]
 },
 {
  "id": "nd-custom-farming-small-grains-acre",
  "state": "ND",
  "operation": "Custom Farming - Small Grains",
  "unit": "acre",
  "avg": 25.62,
  "n": 28,
  "low": 6.0,
  "high": 150.0,
  "source_pdf": "https://www.ndsu.edu/agriculture/sites/default/files/2024-12/custlate24.pdf",
  "pdf_page": 3,
  "flags": [
   {
    "type": "check",
    "why": "Row crops $40.20 and small grains $25.62 per acre are far below other states’ “all operations” rates, even though the footnote says “all necessary farming operations from field preparation through harvesting.” Likely some respondents reported per-operation rates. Not used for cross-state comparison."
   }
  ]
 },
 {
  "id": "nd-custom-farming-row-crops-acre",
  "state": "ND",
  "operation": "Custom Farming - Row Crops",
  "unit": "acre",
  "avg": 40.2,
  "n": 34,
  "low": 7.0,
  "high": 300.0,
  "source_pdf": "https://www.ndsu.edu/agriculture/sites/default/files/2024-12/custlate24.pdf",
  "pdf_page": 3,
  "flags": [
   {
    "type": "check",
    "why": "Row crops $40.20 and small grains $25.62 per acre are far below other states’ “all operations” rates, even though the footnote says “all necessary farming operations from field preparation through harvesting.” Likely some respondents reported per-operation rates. Not used for cross-state comparison."
   }
  ]
 },
 {
  "id": "nd-mowing-road-ditches-not-for-hay-acre",
  "state": "ND",
  "operation": "Mowing Road Ditches (not for hay)",
  "unit": "acre",
  "avg": 99.77,
  "n": 13,
  "low": 12.0,
  "high": 500.0,
  "source_pdf": "https://www.ndsu.edu/agriculture/sites/default/files/2024-12/custlate24.pdf",
  "pdf_page": 3,
  "flags": [
   {
    "type": "check",
    "why": "$99.77 per acre (mode $100; range $12–$500) for ditch mowing. Road ditches are narrow, so “acre” may mean something different to respondents."
   }
  ]
 },
 {
  "id": "nd-mowing-road-ditches-not-for-hay-hour",
  "state": "ND",
  "operation": "Mowing Road Ditches (not for hay)",
  "unit": "hour",
  "avg": 201.5,
  "n": 4,
  "low": 125.0,
  "high": 300.0,
  "source_pdf": "https://www.ndsu.edu/agriculture/sites/default/files/2024-12/custlate24.pdf",
  "pdf_page": 3,
  "flags": [
   {
    "type": "check",
    "why": "$99.77 per acre (mode $100; range $12–$500) for ditch mowing. Road ditches are narrow, so “acre” may mean something different to respondents."
   },
   {
    "type": "low-n",
    "why": "Only 4 responses."
   }
  ]
 },
 {
  "id": "nd-on-farm-grain-bin-storage-cents-bu-month",
  "state": "ND",
  "operation": "On Farm Grain Bin Storage",
  "unit": "cents/bu/month",
  "avg": 0.05,
  "n": 15,
  "low": 0.01,
  "high": 0.13,
  "source_pdf": "https://www.ndsu.edu/agriculture/sites/default/files/2024-12/custlate24.pdf",
  "pdf_page": 3,
  "flags": [
   {
    "type": "check",
    "why": "Published unit label says “cents” but values (e.g., 0.05 per bu/month) only make sense in dollars. Kept with the published label; not used for comparison."
   }
  ]
 },
 {
  "id": "nd-on-farm-grain-bin-storage-cents-bu-year",
  "state": "ND",
  "operation": "On Farm Grain Bin Storage",
  "unit": "cents/bu/year",
  "avg": 0.14,
  "n": 10,
  "low": 0.01,
  "high": 0.25,
  "source_pdf": "https://www.ndsu.edu/agriculture/sites/default/files/2024-12/custlate24.pdf",
  "pdf_page": 3,
  "flags": [
   {
    "type": "check",
    "why": "Published unit label says “cents” but values (e.g., 0.05 per bu/month) only make sense in dollars. Kept with the published label; not used for comparison."
   }
  ]
 },
 {
  "id": "nd-machine-shed-rental-cents-sq-ft-year",
  "state": "ND",
  "operation": "Machine Shed Rental",
  "unit": "cents/sq ft/year",
  "avg": 0.65,
  "n": 8,
  "low": 0.3,
  "high": 1.0,
  "source_pdf": "https://www.ndsu.edu/agriculture/sites/default/files/2024-12/custlate24.pdf",
  "pdf_page": 3,
  "flags": [
   {
    "type": "check",
    "why": "Published unit label says “cents” but values (e.g., 0.05 per bu/month) only make sense in dollars. Kept with the published label; not used for comparison."
   }
  ]
 },
 {
  "id": "nd-installing-drainage-tile-acre",
  "state": "ND",
  "operation": "Installing Drainage Tile",
  "unit": "acre",
  "avg": 1050.0,
  "n": 4,
  "low": 300.0,
  "high": 2000.0,
  "source_pdf": "https://www.ndsu.edu/agriculture/sites/default/files/2024-12/custlate24.pdf",
  "pdf_page": 3,
  "flags": [
   {
    "type": "low-n",
    "why": "Only 4 responses."
   }
  ]
 },
 {
  "id": "nd-land-leveling-hour",
  "state": "ND",
  "operation": "Land Leveling",
  "unit": "hour",
  "avg": 94.25,
  "n": 4,
  "low": 22.0,
  "high": 200.0,
  "source_pdf": "https://www.ndsu.edu/agriculture/sites/default/files/2024-12/custlate24.pdf",
  "pdf_page": 3,
  "flags": [
   {
    "type": "low-n",
    "why": "Only 4 responses."
   }
  ]
 }
]